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- Why in News?
- The Finance Ministry has described the Indian economy as being in a "Goldilocks" phase—an ideal and balanced state that reflects overall economic stability.
- Key Provisions:-
- This term refers to a situation where the economy is growing at a sustainable pace, avoiding both overheating and stagnation. Key characteristics of such a phase include low unemployment, consistent GDP growth, moderate inflation, and manageable interest rates.
- In this favorable environment, businesses tend to perform well, leading to improved corporate earnings and increased investor confidence. Stock markets often respond positively, reflecting optimism in economic fundamentals. The Goldilocks condition is especially beneficial for long-term investment and fiscal stability, as it provides a steady platform for growth without triggering excessive inflation or requiring aggressive monetary tightening. This balance ensures that the economy continues to expand while maintaining macroeconomic stability, making it an ideal scenario for policymakers, businesses, and consumers alike.
- Why in News?
- Statistics Day is observed every year on June 29 to honor the birth anniversary of Prof. Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, a renowned Indian statistician and visionary planner. The day is dedicated to spreading awareness, particularly among young people, about the critical role statistics play in socio-economic planning and data-driven policymaking.
- Key Provisions:-
- The theme for Statistics Day 2025 is “75 Years of National Sample Survey”, recognizing the pivotal role of the National Sample Survey (NSS) in delivering reliable, large-scale socio-economic data that supports informed governance and national development.
- Born on June 29, 1893, he is widely regarded as the Father of Indian Statistics. He developed the Mahalanobis Distance, a fundamental concept in multivariate analysis. He founded the Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in 1931 and launched the NSS in 1950. As a key member of India’s first Planning Commission, his work deeply influenced the country’s Five-Year Plans. He was awarded the Padma Vibhushan for his contributions.
- Why in News?
- Despite repeated directives from the National Green Tribunal (NGT), illegal salt pan operations and encroachment of coastal creeks continue to endanger the habitat of the Kharai camel, a unique and endangered breed native to Gujarat’s Kachchh region.
- Key Provisions:-
- Named after the word “Khara” (meaning saline), the Kharai camel is specially adapted to survive in both arid deserts and saline coastal areas. Uniquely, it can swim over 3 km through seawater to reach mangrove islands, where it grazes. This rare ability sets it apart from other camel breeds. For over four centuries, the Rabari and Fakirani Jat communities have traditionally bred and protected these camels.
- Kharai camels play an essential role in maintaining the fragile mangrove ecosystem. Their milk, rich in nutrients and antibodies similar to those in human milk, is valued for its health benefits and ease of digestion.
- IUCN Status: Endangered.
- Major Threats: Shrinking mangrove cover due to industrial expansion and habitat encroachment.