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GoI appointed Meenesh C Shah as the Managing Director of NDDB

                                                      National News

 

 

 

GoI appointed Meenesh C Shah as the Managing Director of NDDB

Why In News

 

National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) has appointed Meenesh C Shah as its Managing Director with effect from November 15.

 

Important Points


 National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) has appointed Meenesh C Shah as its Managing Director with effect from November 15. Union Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying Minister Parshottam Rupala informed that the Gujarat-based NDDB does not have regular chairman since December 2020. Varsha Joshi, the then Joint Secretary in the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Government of India, held the additional charge of the post of Chairman, NDDB, from December 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021.

Meenesh C Shah has been functioning as the Executive Director, NDDB, and holding the additional charge of the Chairman NDDB from June 1, 2021 to November 14, 2022. On the basis of the decision taken by the NDDB Board, Shah has been appointed as Managing Director (MD) with effect from November 15, 2022.

National Dairy Development Board (NDDB):

National Dairy Development Board was set up in 1966 as a society under the Societies Act 1860. The first chairman of NDDB was Verghese Kurien. Kurien is also called as the father of White Revolution in India.
NDDB was merged with Indian Dairy Corporation by the NDDB Act 1987 with effect from 12 October 1987. NDDB has been given Institution of national importance status. It comes under the Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying.

It launched operation flood in India which has made India, largest producer of milk in the world. The massive increase in the production of milk and dairy products in India is called as White revolution.

Collegium system of Supreme Court in India

Collegium system of Supreme Court in India


It was cently in the news .The Collegium System of Supreme Court is one of the very important topics in understanding the appointment of the Supreme Court judges and the judicial system.

Important Points

  
The Collegium System of Supreme Court is one of the very important topics in understanding the appointment of the Supreme Court judges and the judicial system. It is the system of appointment and transfer of judges that has evolved through judgments of the SC, and not by an Act of Parliament or by a provision of the Constitution.

The Collegium System of Supreme Court is headed by the CJI (Chief Justice of India) and comprises four other senior most judges of the court. A High Court collegium is led by the incumbent Chief Justice and two other senior most judges of that court. Judges of the higher judiciary are appointed only through the collegium system and the government has a role only after names have been decided by the collegium.

Procedures for Judicial Appointments

Chief Justice of India

The President of India appoints the CJI and the other SC judges. As far as the CJI is concerned, the outgoing CJI recommends his successor. In practice, it has been strictly by seniority ever since the supersession controversy of the 1970s.

Supreme Court Judges

For other judges of the SC, the proposal is initiated by the CJI. The CJI consults the rest of the Collegium members, as well as the senior-most judge of the court hailing from the High Court to which the recommended person belongs. The consultees must record their opinions in writing and it should form part of the file. The Collegium sends the recommendation to the Law Minister, who forwards it to the Prime Minister to advise the President.

Chief Justice of High Courts

The Chief Justice of the High Court is appointed as per the policy of having Chief Justices from outside the respective States. The Collegium takes the call on the elevation. High Court judges are recommended by a Collegium comprising the CJI and two senior-most judges. The proposal, however, is initiated by the outgoing Chief Justice of the High Court concerned in consultation with two senior-most colleagues. The recommendation is sent to the Chief Minister, who advises the Governor to send the proposal to the Union Law Minister.

Appointment of CJI 1950-1973

Until 1973, there existed a consensus between the Government of the day and the Chief Justice of India.
A convention was formed where the senior-most judge of the Supreme Court was to be appointed as the Chief Justice of India.
In 1973, A.N.Ray was appointed as the Chief Justice of India. This violated the convention formed earlier since Justice A.N.Ray superseded three other Supreme Court judges senior to him.
Again in 1977, another chief justice was appointed who superseded his seniors. This resulted in a clash between the Executive and the Judiciary.

Evolution of the System:

1. First Judges Case, 1981:

It declared that the “primacy” of the CJI’s (Chief Justice of India) recommendation on judicial appointments and transfers can be refused for “cogent reasons.” The ruling gave the Executive primacy over the Judiciary in judicial appointments for the next 12 years.

2. Second judges case, 1993

Another petition was filed in 1993 by the Supreme Court Advocates on Record Association (SCARA). In this case, the Supreme court overruled its earlier verdict and changed the meaning of consultation to concurrence. Thus binding the President of India with the consultations of the Chief justice of India. This resulted in the birth of the Collegium System.

3. Third Judges Case, 1998

In the year 1998, the presidential reference to the Supreme court was issued questioning the meaning of the word consultation in articles 124, 217, and 222 of the Constitution. The chief justice won’t be the only one as a part of the consultation process. Consultation would include a collegium of 4 senior-most judges of the Supreme court. Even if 2 of the judges are against the opinion, the CJI will not recommend it to the government.

National Judicial Appointment Commission Act

The Collegium System faced a lot of criticism not only from the government but also from civil society due to its Lack of Transparency and Accountability. This led to the 99th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2014 the National Judicial Commission Act (NJAC) to replace the collegium system for the appointment of judges.

National Judicial Appointment Commission Act, 2014

The 1993 judgment was the basis on which a five-judge Constitution Bench declared the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act (NJAC) and the Constitutional (Ninety-Nine Amendment) Act, 2014 unconstitutional in October 2015. NJAC too would recommend names for the Appointment of Supreme Court Judge and Appointment and Transfer of High Court Judge

Composition of NJAC

The Chief Justice of India
2 senior-most judges of the Supreme Court
The Law Minister of India
2 eminent members that are chosen by the Selection Committee


Govt of India Invest Rs 5000 Crore in the SWAMIH Fund to Complete Housing Projects

Govt of India Invest Rs 5000 Crore in the SWAMIH Fund to Complete Housing Projects

Why IN News

 

The government has put in an additional Rs 5,000 crore into the SWAMIH Invest Fund-I to help the stressed realty investment platform achieve its final close at Rs 15,530 crore.

Key Points

 

The government has put in an additional Rs 5,000 crore into the SWAMIH Invest Fund-I to help the stressed realty investment platform achieve its final close at Rs 15,530 crore. The fund set up under the Special Window for Affordable and Mid-Income Housing is India’s largest social impact fund, which said the government recently infused Rs 5,000 crore.

Objective - It intends to provide priority debt financing for the completion of stressed, brownfield and residential projects registered with regulatory bodies that fall in the affordable, mid-income housing category.

Investor - The country’s largest lender SBI is one of the anchor investors of the Ministry of Finance-sponsored fund along with Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC), Other investors include HDFC Ltd and major nationalised banks. The Investment Manager of the Fund is SBICAP Ventures Ltd which is owned by State Bank of India.

The fund has given final approvals to 127 projects which will in turn complete over 79,000 homes, it said, adding that 286 projects across over 30 cities, which entail construction of over 1 lakh homes are being evaluated at present.

The final close comes three years after the fund had marked its first close on receiving Rs 10,037.5 crore in commitments, including Rs 5,000 crore from the government, in December 2019.


Indian batter Ishan Kishan hits fastest ODI double hundred off 126 balls

Indian batter Ishan Kishan hits fastest ODI double hundred off 126 balls

Why In News

 

India batter Ishan Kishan has smashed the fastest ODI double century in 126 balls against Bangladesh at the Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium in Chattogram.

Key Points


India batter Ishan Kishan has smashed the fastest ODI double century in 126 balls against Bangladesh at the Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium in Chattogram. The wicketkeeper-batsman scored a 150 off boundaries alone, with 24 fours and 10 sixes all around the Zahur Ahmed Chowdhury Stadium. It took an excellent running catch to dislodge Kishan on 210 off 131.

The 24-year old Kishan also became the fourth ODI double-centurion Indian after Rohit Sharma, Virender Sehwag and Sachin Tendulkar and the seventh batsman overall to achieve the feat, along with Gayle, Martin Guptill and Fakhar Zaman. Kishan added 290 for the second wicket with Virat Kohli, who made his 44th ODI hundred, and his first in the format since August 2019. The Kishan-Kohli stand was India’s third-highest partnership in ODIs, and the seventh-highest ever in the format.